Well, Round 2: Catholicism is over.  Don't expect any more trivia!  Ian is the winner!  Go Lucky Captain Rabbit King!

Round 2 Scoreboard (9 questions / 26 pts. + 5 bonus pts.)
Ian Boothroyd: 13 pts.
Monica Krauss: 9 pts.
KyriAnne Watkins: 6 pts.
David Rither: 6 pts.

Question 9 (5 pts. to Ian, who also got the bonus, putting him in first!)
Which council consecrated the Bishop of Rome as the head of the church responsible for maintaining its unity?
Council of Chalcedon
Bonus Question
In what year?
450-451

Question 8 (2 pts. to Dave)
What diocese was St. Augustine Bishop of?
Hippo

Question 7 (6 pts. to Kyri, putting her on the board!)
What and when are four holidays devoted to the Virgin Mary?
Festival of the Immaculate Conception on December 8, Nativity of the Virgin on September 8, Mary's presentation at the Temple on November 21, and the Annunciation of the Lord to Mary on March 25
Bonus Question
What two recently established dogmas concerning Mary are subject to non-Catholic controversy?
The Immaculate Conception and Bodily Assumption

Question 6 (2 pts. to Ian)
What is the motto of the Carthusian religious order in its original language and in English?
"Stat crux dum volvitur orbis" or "The Cross stands firm in the swirling of the world"

Question 5 (3 pts. to Ian)
What do the letters I.N.R.I. stand for in Greek and English?
"Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudeorum" or "Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews"

Question 4 (3 pts. to Monica and Ian, who both also got the bonus [Monica got it first but I didn't realize her answer and Ian's were both correct], putting Ian on the board!)
Which Council settled the dispute about iconoclasm?
Seventh Ecumenical Council (the Second Council of Nicaea)
Bonus Question
In what year?
787 A.D. (or C.E. if you want to be P.C.!)

Question 3 (3 pts. to Dave, who also got the bonus, putting him on the board!)
When is the prayer which begins "through him, with him, in him" said?
During the blessing of the Eucharist
Bonus Question
What's the rest of the prayer?
"Through him, with him, in him, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, all glory and honor is yours, almighty Father, for ever and ever.  Amen."

Question 2 (2 pts. to Monica)
In what year did the Great Schism with the East occur?
1054

Question 1 (4 pts. to Monica, who also got the bonus, making her the first person to get on the board!)
What are the three main festivals of Catholicism?
Christmas, Easter, and Pentecost
Bonus Question
What are the two words which composed the original name of the winter Holy Day?
Christ and Mass

Here you can find the answers to all previous buddy info trivia questions along with the name of the person who got it.  Also, I've posted the final scoreboard.  Daniel Rieck is the winner!

Round 1 Scoreboard (16 questions / 71 pts. + 16 bonus pts.)

Daniel Rieck - 19 pts.
Ian Boothroyd - 13 pts.
Robert Scott - 10 pts.
Jodi Baker - 8 pts.
David Rither - 7 pts.
KyriAnne Watkins - 6 pts.
Angela Parchen - 5 pts.
Jessica Garrity - 3 pts.
Benjamin Stajduhar - 2 pts.

Question 16 (3 pts. to Dan, who also got the bonus)
In Christian history, what is the major heresy of the 7th and 8th centuries?
Iconoclasm
Bonus Question
What is the literal meaning of the name for this heresy?
"Icon smashing"

Question 15 (7 pts. to Dan, who also got the bonus, putting him in first!)
According to orthodox Christian theologians, Oneness Pentacostalism is guilty of what heresy? (I want the technical name, which is one word.)
Modalism or Sabellianism
Bonus Question
About what year did this theology develop?
1913

Question 14 (4 pts. to Kyri, who also got the bonus, putting her on the board!)
According to the Bible, "against such things there is no law."  What are each of these nine such things?
Love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control
Bonus Question
What are these things?
The fruit of the Spirit

Question 13 (4 pts. to Dave)
What is the scientific name (Genus species) for a gorilla?
Gorilla gorilla
Bonus Question
Based on genetic data, what do some primatologists want to rename gorillas?
Homo gorilla

Question 12 (3 pts. to Jessica, who also got the bonus, putting her on the board!)
What is my favorite secular band?
Barenaked Ladies
Bonus Question
Who is my favorite secular solo artist?
Alanis Morissette

Question 11 (3 pts. to Dave, who also got the bonus, putting him on the board!)
What is my favorite Christian band?
Switchfoot
Bonus Question
Who is my favorite Christian solo artist?
Ginny Owens

Question 10 (6 pts. to Dan, who also got the bonus.)
In Christianity, which Apostle fell to the ground to worship an angel?
St. John
Bonus Question
What Book of the Bible tells us this?
Revelation

Question 9 (2 pts. to Rob, who also got the bonus.)
What of mine was stolen over Spring Break?
My coat
Bonus Question
What was I doing when it was stolen?
Playing Pump It Up

Question 8 (6 pts. to Ian, who got the entire thing and the bonus, putting him in first!)
Translate this Latin phrase into English.  Each part is worth one point to the first person who translates it correctly.
E nomine / Patris / et Fili / et Spiritus / Sancti
In the name of / the Father / and the Son / and the Spirit / Holy
Bonus Question
What should one do when saying this?
As Ian put it: do the thing where you make a cross in the air
i.e., make the sign of the cross

Question 7 (3 pts. to Dan, who also got the bonus, putting him on the board!)
What are the three types of flour which make up the main ingredient of Kellogg's Froot Loops?
Corn, wheat, and oat
Bonus Question
What are the six colors of Froot Loops?
Orange, green, red, purple, blue, and yellow

Question 6 (4 pts. to Rob, putting him tied for first with Jodi!)
Why did the Catholic Church create the ecclesiastical law which requires clergymen to take a vow of celibacy?
Clergymen hold, or at least used to hold, a significant amount of power.  It was feared this power might accumulate and be passed onto the the priests' descendants turning the clergy into dynasties.
Bonus Question
By what percentage has enrollment in Catholic seminaries dropped since the Second Vatican Council?
75%

Question 5 (8 pts. to Jodi, who got the entire thing and the bonus, putting her on the board in first!)
What are seven other terms which refer to the Eucharist?  Each term is worth one point to the first person to identify it.
The Lord's Supper, Breaking of Bread, Memorial (Anamnesis), Holy Sacrifice, Most Blessed Sacrament, Communion, and Holy Mass
Bonus Question
What is the Greek word from which we derive the word "Eucharist" and what does it mean in English?
Greek: eucharistos;  English: "to give thanks"

Question 4 (4 pts. to Rob, who also got the bonus, putting him on the board)
In Christianity, what are the four cardinal virtues?
Prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance
Bonus Question
What are the three theological virtues?
Faith, hope, and love

Question 3 (7 pts. to Ian, who also got the bonus, putting him on the board in first!)
In anthropology, what is the primary method by which humans adapt to their environments? (The answer is a one-word noun.)
Culture
Bonus Question
What is a charactersitic of humans which no other animals have? (Multiple acceptable answers)
Verbal communication (or walking erect/bipedalism)

Question 2 (5 pts. to Angela, who also got the bonus, putting her on the board in first!)
In Christianity, what three words did the the filioque add to the Nicene Creed?
"and the Son"
Bonus Question
What two churches has this historically divided?
(Roman) Catholic and (Eastern) Orthodox

Question 1 (2 pts. to Ben, making him the first person to get on the board!)
Which famous word in the Latin Vulgate is commonly translated as "hail" in English?
Ave
Bonus Question
Complete the prayer which this word begins.
Hail Mary full of grace, the Lord is with you.
Blessed are you among women and blessed is the fruit of your womb, Jesus.
Holy Mary Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death.  Amen.